篇一：报告英文
catalogue
1. The origin of the Fuzzy sets ................................................... 3
2. Fuzzy system ......................................................................... 3
2.1 Fuzzification .................................................................... 4
2.2 Knowledge base ............................................................. 5
2.3 Fuzzy Inference Engine ................................................... 5
2.4 defuzzification .................................................................. 5
3. Neural network and fuzzy system ........................................... 5
4. A fuzzy neural network and the BP neural network .................. 7
4.1 A fuzzy neural network .................................................. 7
4.2 back-propagation neural network .................................... 8
4.2.1 The definition of BP neural network ...................... 8
4.2.2 BP neural network model with basic principle ....... 8
4.2.3 The features of the BP neural network ............... 10
5. The classification of fuzzy inference system .......................... 11
5.1 Pure fuzzy logic system ................................................ 11
5.2 Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) type fuzzy logic system ................ 11
5.3 Mamdani fuzzy logic system .......................................... 12
6. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System .............................. 13
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1. The origin of the Fuzzy sets
In 1965, professor Zadeh published a paper "Fuzzy sets", The Fuzzy sets is refers to the collection of the boundary which is not clear. Using membership function concept to describe the phenomenon that the differences among the transition that broke through the German Cantor was founded in the classical set theory belongs to or doesn’t belong to the absolute relationship, which marks the birth of fuzzy mathematics. Zadeh thought fuzziness and accuracy should be the reunite together, because in real life it is impossible to absolute precision of the complexity, In actually it is only levels down the so-called inaccurate to nothing important. His first notable proposed this paper to the fuzzy problems, and gave a quantitative representation of the concept of fuzzy that marks the birth of fuzzy mathematics. Fuzzy mathematics is to make the fuzzy phenomenon quantitative branch of applied mathematics. Because it broke through the traditional mathematics is never allow ambiguous constraints, so that those who had nothing to do with mathematics discipline are likely to use quantitative and mathematical description and processing, showing its strong vitality. In the fuzzy evaluation, the most basic and the most used is a membership function and membership degree. Membership degree indicates the degree of element u belongs to the fuzzy sets U, Which means the fuzzy sets judgment in the elements in the collection of subordinate degree size.
2. Fuzzy system
The fuzzy logic control system, shortened from the fuzzy control system or fuzzy system, which is a kind of new control method based on fuzzy mathematics theory. Fuzzy control by imitated the complexity of abstract thinking, which was used the fuzzy information processing to control the execution of the object. So, it does not need to know accurate mathematical model of the system. For the uncertain nonlinear system is an effective method to control. However, simple fuzzy-control of information blur resulting in a decline in the control precision of the system.
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So, in order to improve the accuracy we need to increase the number of the fuzzy quantity when it tend to be in a blur, or to increase the control rule sets.
This will make the search range of control rules to expand, increase the search time, reduce the speed of decision making, and then affects the quality of dynamic process. Therefore, membership function and the optimization of control rules is the key to improve the quality, in essence, the accuracy of correction is the knowledge of fuzzy control.
Generally, fuzzy system are those with fuzzy concepts and fuzzy logic is directly related to system, which mainly composed with four parts, such as fuzzification interface, knowledge base, fuzzy inference machine, and defuzzification interface as shown in the picture.
2.1 Fuzzification
Fuzzy input variables, which is the conversion of a certain input as described by the membership degree of fuzzy sets. Fuzzification interface mainly to detect accurately the value according to the fuzzy degree of input variables and the membership functions into a suitable language value (that is, the fuzzy value).Fuzzy partition has not been the only way to have the certain so far, So it is divided according to the experience. Usually in order to minimize the number of fuzzy rules, for the detection and control high precision variable partition (such as 5 to 7) ambiguity, conversely less divided into fuzzy degrees (e.g.3). When the degree of variable fuzzy finished,
we
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need to define variables of the fuzzy set membership function.
2.2 Knowledge base
Knowledge base storage all the knowledge about fuzzy controller, which contains the specific application in the field of knowledge and the request of control objectives, they determine the performance of fuzzy controller, so it’s the center of fuzzy controller.
The concept of knowledge base is not computer software in the database, it save as all the knowledge of the fuzzification, fuzzy reasoning, fuzzy. and the fuzzy rule base is made up of several fuzzy inference rules, fuzzy control rules are based on people's way of thinking of a controlled system summed up by the performance of control with fuzzy control rules.
2.3 Fuzzy Inference Engine
Fuzzy reasoning is the core of fuzzy controller, simulation the people’s inferential capability that based on the concept of fuzzy reasoning. The function is that according to the fuzzy logic rules of the fuzzy rule base fuzzy "if - then" rules into some kind of mapping.
2.4 defuzzification:
Defizzifition is clearness, which means that the output of fuzzy quantity into actual amount is used to control the clear.
3. Neural network and fuzzy system
Neural Network（NN) is composed of many simple neurons that connected to Network. Although each neuron structure and function are not complex, but the network overall dynamic behavior is very complex, so it can form highly nonlinear dynamics system that can express many complicated physical systems.
Neural Network research started in the early 1940s, at present, all over of the world has formed a research neural network unprecedented boom. It has been obtained in some way, such as in the control, pattern recognition, image and video signal processing, financial securities, military, computer vision,
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篇二：电子信息工程论文(英文)
Electronic and information engineering is the application of the computer and modem technology for electronic information control and information processing the discipline, the main research information acquisition and processing, electronic equipment and information system design, development, application and integration. Now, electronic and information engineering has covered many aspects of the society, like telephone exchange station how to deal with various phone signal, a mobile phone is how to transfer our voice even image, the network around us how to transfer data, and even of the army of the information age how to confidential information transmission, are involved in electronic and information engineering application technology. We can through some basic knowledge learning know these things, and able to apply more advanced technology in new product research and electronic and information engineering is professional
This program is to cultivate master the modern electronic technology theory, familiar with electronic system design principle and design method, have stronger computer, foreign language and corresponding engineering technology application ability, facing the electronic technology, automatic control and intelligent control, computer and network technology, electronic, information, communication field of broad caliber, the high quality, comprehensive development of integrated with innovation ability engineering technology talent development.
Electronic information engineering major is learning the basic circuit of knowledge, and master the computer processing with the method of information. The first to have solid mathematical knowledge, for physics requirement is high, and mainly electrical; To learn many circuit knowledge, electronic technology, signal and system, computer control principle, communication principle, basic courses. Learning in electronic and information engineering design, to themselves have to connect with computer some circuit experiment, to operate and use tools requirements is also higher. Such as their connection sensor circuit, with computer set small communications
system, will also visit some big company of electronic and information processing equipment, understanding mobile phone signal, cable TV is how to transmission, etc, and can organic ?
Course classification:
1. The mathematics
The higher mathematics-(the department of mathematics mathematical analysis + space analytic geometry + ordinary differential equation) speak mainly is calculus, to learn the circuit of the people, the calculus (a yuan, multiple), curve surface integral, series, ordinary differential equation, Fourier transform, the other the Laplace transformation in the subsequent frequently encountered in theory.
Probability and statistics-all communication, signal processing with relevant course with probability theory.
Mathematical physical methods-some school graduate student intellect, some schools into complex variable functions (+ integral transform) and mathematical physics equation (is partial differential equations). Study the mathematical basis of electromagnetic field,
microwave.
May also be introduced stochastic process (need to probability basis) and functional analysis.
2. Theory
The circuit principle-basic of the program.
Signal and system, continuous and discrete signal time domain, frequency domain analysis, is very important but also is difficult
Digital signal processing-discrete signal and system analysis, signal digital transformation, digital filters, and so on.
The application of information theory, information theory range is very wide, but electronic engineering often put this course speak into coding theory.
Electromagnetic field and wave-the day the course, basically is the counterpart of the dynamics in the physics department of the electricity, using mathematical to study the magnetic field (constant electromagnetic field, time-dependent electromagnetic fields).
3. Circuit
Analog circuit-the transistor, the op-amp, power
supply, A/D and D/A.
Digital circuit--a gate, trigger and combination circuit, timing circuit, programmable devices, digital electronic system
4. Computer
Microcomputer principle-80 x86 hardware work principle. Assembly language, direct correspondence of the CPU commands programming language.
Single chip microcomputer CPU and control circuit, made a piece of integrated circuit, all sorts of electric equipment of all necessary, normal explanation 51 series.
Cc++ language-(now speak only c language schools may not much) writing system programming language, and the development of hardware related often are used.
Software foundation-(computer specialized data structure + + + algorithm operating system database principles + compilation approach + software engineering) can also be a few course, speaks the principle of software and how to write software.
Professional training requirements:
This major is an electronic and information engineering major. Students of this specialty mainly studies the signal
篇三：计算机科技英语论文
Electronic products and production process of paper
电子产品和生产工艺的研究
Electronic products and production process introduction is mainly about the classification of some commonly used in modern electronic products, the working principle and production process of their. It includes computer products, communication products, radio and television and instrumentation products, electronic products, electronic components and integrated circuits and other seven categories. Production process of electronic products mainly from material preparation, material testing, SMT, assembly and welding, the test to illustrate several aspects. The course combines with multimedia video and PPT writing on the blackboard and real observation and material use way. Its characteristic is practical, simple. As a marketing professional non-electrical majors introduction to electronic products and production process and the main reason is the basic concept and theory can help some commonly used in modern electronic products in order to better the future engaged in electronic products. 电子产品及生产过程中主要介绍一些常用的现代电子产品的工作原理和分类，他们的生产工艺。它包括计算机产品，通讯产品，广播电视和仪器仪表，电子产品，电子元器件和集成电路等七大类。电子产品主要从材料的制备，材料试验，SMT生产过程，装配和焊接，测试等几个方面加以说明。本课程结合多媒体视频和幻灯片在黑板上和实际观测和材料使用的写作方法。其特点是简单实用。作为一个营销专业的非电专业介绍电子产品和生产过程的主要原因是基本概念和理论可以帮助一些常用的现代电子产品，为了更好的未来从事电子产品。
Electronic products is composed of electronic components products collectively. The classification mainly has: radar and radio navigation, electronic components, communication products, electronic design and 1
processing, broadcasting, television equipment, electronic finance, CNC equipment, electronic business, instrument, meter, wire etc..
电子产品是由电子元器件产品的统称。分类主要有：雷达和无线电导航，电子元器件，电子通讯产品，设计和加工，广播，电视设备，电子金融，数控设备，电子商务，仪器，仪表，电线等。 Electronic technology is a new technology in late nineteenth Century, early twentieth Century began to develop, the most rapid development in twentieth Century, the most widely used, has become an important symbol of the development of modern science and technology. The first generation of electronic products to the electronic tube as the core. Forty's at the end of the world was born the first semiconductor three tubes, which is characterized by compact, lightweight, energy saving, long service life, and was quickly used up all countries, in a wide range of replaced the electron tube. In late fifty, the first integrated circuit world, it takes many transistors and other electronic components integrated on a silicon chip, the electronic products to the development of more compact. Integrated circuit from small scale integrated circuit to the rapid development of LSI and VLSI, which makes electronic products toward high efficiency low consumption, high precision, high stability, intelligent direction. In short, technical progress from 1916 to begin production of electron tube, transistor radio industry has experienced, electron tubes, integrated circuits, large-scale and ultra large scale integrated circuit stage. From 1946 since the advent of the first electronic computer, the computer technology rapid progress, is to develop the giant, miniature, intelligent and networked direction.
电子技术在第十九世纪末的一种新技术，上世纪第二十年代开始发展，在第二十世纪发展最迅速，最广泛的应用，已成为现代科学技术发展的一个重要标志。电子产品的第一代电子管为核心。四十是世界末日的出世第一半导体三管，其特点 2
是结构紧凑，重量轻，节能，寿命长，很快就用光了所有的国家，在很宽的范围内取代了电子管。五十年底，第一集成电路的世界，它需要许多晶体管和其他电子元件集成在一个硅芯片，以发展更紧凑的电子产品。集成电路的小规模集成电路到大规模集成电路和超大规模集成电路的迅速发展，使电子产品向着高效率低功耗，高精度，高稳定性，智能化的方向发展。总之，从1916的技术进步开始生产电子管，晶体管收音机行业经历了，电子管，集成电路，大规模和超大规模集成电路级。从1946以来的第一个电子计算机的出现，计算机技术的飞速进步，是发展大型，小型化，智能化和网络化的方向发展。 Application of a wide range of electronic products into all fields of national economy and the people's living standards. Knowledge, technology, capital intensive; products with high additional value, economic benefits is good; has exceeded the scope of the manufacturing industry, the formation of the software, services, information and other emerging industries; many countries take the development of the electronic industry in a prominent position, as a leading industry. Electronic products are 6 major trends: the development of 1 microelectronics to system integration. 2 computer technology to multimedia, intelligent direction. 3 network technology to multiple business, high performance and large capacity. 4 communication technology to broadband, personalized, and the direction of comprehensive development. 5 software technology of networked, intelligent, practical software of wireless Internet
technology. 6 Display Technology to the big screen, flat direction. 应用范围广泛的电子产品在国民经济的各个领域和人们的生活水平。知识，技术，资本密集型；高附加值产品，经济效益好；超过了制造业的范围，形成的软件，服务，信息和其他新兴产业；许多国家把电子工业的发展放在突出位置，作为主导产业。电子产品的6大发展趋势：1微电子技术的发展，系统集成。2计算机技术，多媒体，智能化的方向发展。3网络技术向多业务，高性能和大容量。4通信技术，宽带，个性化，和全面发展的方向。网络化，智能化。5软件技术，无线网络技术的实用软件。6显示技术，大屏幕，平板方向。
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Main show the following 5 kinds of electronic products.
主要表现为以下5类电子产品。
1) computer products
1）计算机产品 According to the four era of computer components of experience: the first generation of electronic computer (1945-1956), the second generation of transistor computer (1956-1963), the third generation of integrated circuit computer (1964-1971), the fourth generation of large scale integrated circuit computer (now 1971-). With the rapid development of large scale integrated circuit, the computer into a period of great development. The computer can be divided into analog and digital computers, digital computer by end-use can be divided into special computer and general computer. General computer according to the scale, speed and (本文来自：WWW.xiaocaoFanwEn.cOM 小草范文网:电子科技英语论文)functions can be divided into a giant machine, large, medium, small machine, microcomputer and single chip microcomputer. The basic
difference between these types usually lies in its size, complexity, power consumption, performance index, data storage capacity, instruction system and equipment, software configuration and so different. The main features of computer products have 1 automatic control ability of 2 fast 3 memory ability 4 to logic 5 support human-computer interaction 6 versatility.
根据经验，计算机部件四代：第一代电子计算机（1945-1956），晶体管计算机第二代（1956-1963），集成电路的第三代计算机（1964年至1971年），大规模的第四代集成电路计算机（1971 -）。随着大规模集成电路的飞速发展，计算机进入一个大发展时期。计算机可分为模拟计算机和数字计算机，最后使用数字计算机可分为专用计算机和通用计算机。通用计算机按规模，速度和功能可分为巨型机，大型，中型，小型机，微机与单片机。这些类型之间的基本区别通常在于其 4
规模，复杂性，功耗，性能指标，数据存储容量，指令系统和设备，软件配置等方面的不同。计算机产品的主要特征有2快3记忆能力4逻辑5支持人机交互功能的6自动控制能力 1。 The specific contents are: PC is the PERSONAL COMPUTER abbreviation, is the personal computer.
具体内容有：电脑是个人电脑的简称，就是个人电脑。
2) communications products
2）通讯产品 Communication products: GSM mobile phone, radio paging system, satellite communication, satellite positioning applications, remote answering TV, channel terminal, communication, network cable, intelligent lithium battery, charger, mobile phone, mobile phone shell, mobile phone lens axis, a motor, an electret microphone etc..
通讯产品：GSM移动电话，无线寻呼系统，卫星通信，卫星定位应用，远程答疑电视，渠道终端，通信，有线网络，智能锂电池，充电器，手机，手机外壳，手机镜片的轴，电机，驻极体话筒等。 At present, mobile phone from the performance: divided into intelligent mobile phone and non intelligent mobile phone, intelligent mobile phone performance than general intelligent mobile phone is good, but not intelligent mobile phone than a smart mobile phone stability. Most non intelligent mobile phone and intelligent mobile phone use like the British company ARM architecture of the CPU, but the frequency of the high frequency non intelligent mobile phone, intelligent mobile phone low. Mobile phone domestic main Meizu, Lenovo, Huawei. Europe and the United States are Nokia, Motorola, blackberry. Working principle of mobile phone: mobile phone can communicate with each other, which is composed of three 5