篇一：工商管理英语课后习题答案汇总
回答问题汇总(U1A-U6A)
Areall corporations publicly held?Can you give some examples? 17
Define “line function. 60
For America,why is business both a means of livelihood and a focus of one’s life at the same time? 1
How do you determine the value of a business? 71
How do you determine who should be hired and who should not be hired? 46
How do you make a decision among mutually exclusive projects? 76
How does advertising differ from personal selling? 67
How does the function of job analysis differ from that of human resource planning? 36 How is base compensation system? 40
How is NPV calculated? 74
How might job analysis increase organizational effectiveness and efficiency? 35
How should sales representatives view customers? 58
How to do a job advertisement? 44
How to make a good compensation system? 41
Is profit maximization the primary goal of a business? Why? 70
Is the supply and demand issue the only concern of pricing decisions? Why? 64
Is there a best legal system? Give an example if you think there is, and explain why if you think there is not.13
Usually who are involved in strategic decision making process? 27
What are the “4Ps” in marketing activities? 62
What are the advantages of Sole Proprietorship? 14
What are the components of compensation? 39
What are the differences between a limited partner and a general partner? 15
What are the differences between civil law and criminal law? 12
What are the differences between finance accounting? 9
What are the factors that affect the optimal capital structure? 79
What are the five eras of marketing identified by Perreault and McCarthy? 50
What are the five eras of marketing identified by Perreault and McCarthy? 55
What are the five key functions of business? 7
What are the main responsibilities of a financial manager? 51
What are the main responsibilities of a financial manager? 69
What are the major factor affecting successful strategies? 20
What are the six steps in strategic management? 19
What are the stages of changing function of Human Resource Management? 32
What are the steps in human resource planning? 37
What are the theoretical frameworks of strategic management? 21
What are the traditional activities in promotion? 65
What are the two kinds of sales promotions? 68
What are the two primary methods of financial forecasting? 72
What does “place” mean in “4Ps”? 63
What does common lay emphasize? 11
What does validity mean? 48
What is compensation? 38
What is employee placement? 47
What is Human Resource Management? 30
What is job analysis? 33
Whatis marketing`s function? 8
What is meant by stakeholders? 5
What is meant by the concept of “middlemen”? 56
What is recruitment? 42
What is risk? Can you identify some risks that businesses face? 80
What is the base of recruitment? 43
What is the condition for professionals to form a professional partnership? 16
What is the core view of contingency theory? 25
What is the difference between an independent project and a mutually exclusive project? 75 What is the difference between the function of a line manager and that of a staff manager? 61 What is the difference between training and development? 49
What is the focus of IO theory? 22
What is the influence of the Internet on strategic management? 54
What is the most important capital in an organization? 31
What is the reason that many markets are not as competitive as they should be? 28
What resources can be used for sustained competitive advantage? 26
What were the characteristics of the production era? 57
What will a financial manager do if the value of liabilities and equity exceeds the value of assets? 52
What will a financial manager do if the value of liabilities and equity exceeds the value of assets? 73
What are two key trends that changed the context of strategic management? 29
When does an initial public offering or a seasoned offering occur? 77
When is personal selling of great importance? 66
Where to advertise the job opening? 45
Why are businesses not isolated entities? 4
Why are strategies, resources and competencies are assumed to be fairly similar among competitors within a given industry? 23
Why does resource-based theory focus primarily on individual firms rather than on the competitive environment? 24
Why is control important for business? 3
Why is debt financing bencficial? 53
Why is debt financing beneficial? 78
Whyis strategy important? 18
Whyis the information systems function important? 10
Why is the job analysis important? 34
Why is the role of marketing in the company changing? 59
Why must business sustain a profit? 2
回答问题答案
1、 Individuals and groups pursue business for both monetary gain and for personal
identification and recognition.
2、 Business must sustain a profit for the livelihood of the business as well as the individuals
who are dependent upon the business for their livelihood.
3、 The control will provide for successful operation of the business.
4、 But impact and are impacted by other businesses.
5、 Stakeholders mean that somebody has rights in a business.
6、 ×
7、 The five key functions are Management,Marketing,Accounting,Finance and Information
Systems.
8、 Marketing is responsible to see that the right product is available to the right customer, at
the right time, in the right place, and at the right price.
9、 Finance is the process of acquiring, controlling, and planning the use of a business’ funds in
order to accomplish the goals and objective of the business effectively and efficiently. This is different from the accounting function which records the business transactions.
10、The objective is to ensure that the right information is available to make the decision that
needs to be made now. Without accurate information, the success of the business is by random chance. Information systems enable companies to create competitive advantages and to excel in the marketplace.
11、It emphasizes the principle of stare decisis, that is , the authority of prior decisions in
resolving current cases.
12、The role of court decisions is minimized.
13、It is impossible to answer the question of which of these legal systems is the best. Most tend
to favor the system used in our own nation and culture. An evidence of a mature society, however, is its willingness to question and criticize its own system and attempt changes and improvements when possible.
14、An individual simply owns and runs his own business.
15、A limited partner has no right to participate in partnership management. Unlike a general
partnership, a limited partnership must file its articles of partnership with the State. General partnerships can be formed without doing this, or any other formalities for that matter.
16、As a condition for forming this type of organization, state laws typically require the partners
to show evidence of liability insurance to protect consumers.
17、No, not all of them. Larger companies are often publicly held corporations, which trade its
shares on the stock markets.
18、Strategy refers to top management’s plans to develop and sustain competitive advantage so
that the organization’s mission is fulfilled. Following this definition, it is assumed that an organization has a plan, its competitive advantage is understood, and that its members understand the reason for its existence.
19、1) Analyze the opportunities and threats or constraints.
2) Analyze the organization’s strengths and weaknesses in its internal environment.
3) Reassess the organization’s mission and its goals in light of the previous two steps.
4) Formulate strategies.
5) Implement the strategies.
6) Engage in strategic control activities.
20、1) Strategic managers thoroughly understand the competitive environment.
2) The mission and goals of the organization are simple and consistent with the strategy.
3) Strategic managers understand the organization’s resources and how they translate into strengths and weaknesses.
4) Plans for putting the strategy into action.
5) Possible future changes in the proposed strategy.
21、Industrial organization, Resource-based theory, Contingency theory
22、The central tenet of industrial organization theory is the notion that a firm must adapt to
influences in its industry to survive and prosper, and thus its financial performance is primarily determined by the success of the industry in which it competes.
23、Because IO focuses on industry forces。
24、Resource-based theory views performance primarily as a function of a firm’s ability to utilize
its resources. An organization’s resources are directly linked to its capabilities, which can create value and ultimately lead to profitability for the firm.
25、Contingency theory represents a middle ground perspective that views organizational
performance as the joint outcome of environmental forces and the firm’s strategic actions.
26、Those resources must be valuable, rare, not subject to perfect imitation, and without
strategically relevant substitutes.
27、Strategic decisions involve more than one area of an organization, and usually require
obtaining and allocating sizable human, organizational, and physical resources.
28、While it is often possible to make “win-win” strategic decisions, most involve some degree of
trade-offs between alternatives, at least in the short run.
29、1）Commoditization refers to
the increasing difficulty firms have distinguishing their productsand services from those of their rivals.
2）Mass customization,refers to the ability to individualize product and service offerings to meet specific buyer needs.
30、HRM is the area of management concerning itself with the recruitment, selection, training,
development, compensation, retention, evaluation, and promotion of the people within an organization.
31、The Human capital.
32、1)the scientific management movement 2)the personnel department 3)welfare improvement
33、A purposeful and systematic process for collecting ,describing .
34、There are at least two reasons:
1)In order to increase organizational efficiency and effectiveness.
2)Because it is required by the Uniform Guidelines.
35、By knowing what is supposed to be done within a particular job an organization is able to
better look for employees who possess the necessary knowledge , skills , abilities , and other characteristics required for a job that it is seeking to fill. It is also better enabled to evaluate the performance of employees within particular jobs and provide feedback as to how to perform better.
36、Based upon the initial estimates of the types and numbers of employees needed it is job
analysis that is used to assess the specific knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics necessary for the organization to accomplish its mission and objectives and it is human resources planning that is used to determine the numbers of employees needed.
37、Step 1:Environmental scanning
Step 2:Labor demand forecast
Step 3: Labor supply forecast
Step 4: Gap Analysis
Step 5:Action programming
Step 6: Control and evaluation
38、Refers to all forms of financial returns and tangible services and benefits that employees
receive as part of the employment relationship.
39、base compensatory 、merit pay、pension、profit sharing、health care、family and medical
leave、vacation leave、compensatory leave
40、Minimum wage laws, maximum hours, unemployment,disability requirements,employee
health and safety requirements.
41、All good compensation systems should be based upon a detailed job analysis to allow the
organization to attract ,retain , and motivate needed employees.
This is typically done by an examination of the internal and external pay rates for key jobs in the
organization and then creating a hierarchy of position worth based upon the contribution of the job to the mission of the organization.
42、Organizational recruitment is the attraction of employees with the necessary knowledge skills,
abilities, and other characteristics needed for the organization to be able to fulfil its mission and objectives.
43、1)The human resource planning estimates as to the numbers, types, and skill sets of
employees needed.
2)The organizations’ ability to compensate the employees.
44、It should be written up identifying the skills and experiences of applicants desired.
It should be designed such that it attracts employees with the types of background experiences and skills desired for the job and in the numbers needed by the organization.
45、Internal postings : newsletters, e-mail messages, bulletin boards.
External postings: newspapers, magazines, trade journals and so on.
46、Employee selection is the process of collecting and evaluating information about job
applicants in order to determine whether or not an offer employment should be attended.
47、It is the process of fitting a person to the correct position .
The best results tend to be achieved through a matching approach in which the organization
matches the qualifications, background experiences, and personalities of the new employees with the qualifications, background experiences, and personalities of the work group and the manager of the workgroup.
48、Validity may be defined as the degree to which available evidence supports the inferences
made from an assessment.
There are three forms of evidence for validity: construct, content, criterion.
49、Employee training involves making a worker more effective and efficient in his/her current job.
Employee development involves the preparation of the employee for future positions with
篇二：工商管理英语考试题期末
Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: Read the following passages carefully and do the multiple-choice questions.
Text 1
On a practical level, teachers need a wide variety of skills and abilities. They have to be ready to spend many hours at home planning their lessons and preparing homework. They have to be well organized in class, patient with students, able to appear bright and interested even if they are in fact tired or unhappy, and lively enough to control a group of young people for almost 200 days a year. Outside the classroom, they may have to prepare teaching materials, to choose books to use as texts, to help organize the work of other teachers, or to organize spare time activities for students.
If you think that you have all the necessary qualities, you may feel that you would like to be a teacher. One way to decide, if you live in the United States, is by joining a club for future teachers, such as Student Action for Education. Clubs like this give advice about your field, and also allow you to watch teachers at work, attend meetings and experiment with teaching methods and equipment. You could also talk with the job advisor at your school or university. Finally, you could try teaching a younger student or becoming an advisor at a summer camp for children. Any activity in which you are dealing with children will help you decide whether you have a calling for teaching.
1. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
A) how to plan lessons and prepare homework
B) how to help organize the work of other teachers
C) various skills and abilities teachers need
D) how to prepare teaching materials
2.The second paragraph is mainly concerned with ________.
A) the ways of deciding one's future employment
B) the ways to decide whether teaching should be one's future employment
C) joining a club for future teachers
D) talking to an advisor when choosing future employment
3. According to the author, a teacher should show a firm mind ________.
A) that suffers only from tiredness
B) that suffers only from unhappiness
C) that suffers only from unusual tiredness or unhappiness
D) that is able to control tiredness and unhappiness
4.Student Action for Education is ________.
A) a summer camp for children
B) an activity at a summer camp
C) a club for future teachers
D) a club for job advisors
5. Which of the following does the author suggest to a person who wants to be a teacher?
A) Watching teachers at work, or organizing students' spare time activities
B) Preparing and correcting homework, experimenting with teaching methods and
equipment
C) Joining a future teachers' club, talking with job advisors, or working with children
D) Planning lessons, or attending teachers' meetings
Passage 2
There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.
In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.
Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.
Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.
6. According to the passage, in most countries _________.
A) people treat their pets like members of their families
B) there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and cats
C) animals are in a worse position than human beings
D) pets such as dogs and cats are very popular
7. According to the passage, there are ___________.
A) restaurants for dogs in every city in France
B) no dogs or cats that wear clothing
C) some people who treat their pets far better than they treat their children
D) many owners of dogs and cats in the United States and Europe
8. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because _________.
A) cats and dogs can be used to keep away mice
B) pets are often useful companions for old people
C) pets can sometimes be sold to make money
D) some pets may show loving feelings for their owners.
9. In your opinion, which of the following sentences is probably true?
A) Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.
B) Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.
C) People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.
D) In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.
10. The main idea of this reading passage is: _______.
A) Dogs enjoy fine restaurants B) A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurant C) People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the world D) It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animals
Passage 3
What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother.
Today about half of the country’s married women are employed outside the home. But, unless family members with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Instead many have become, in a sense, prisoners of the completely cooked convenience meal. It is easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way from work or t take family out for pizzas, or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day.
Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as part of a family unit and don’t want to bother cooking for one.
Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn’t require any dressing up, it offers a “fun” break.
11. American women left home to work in large numbers because of_________.
A) the improved living standard
B) the increase in food price
C) the need of wartime industry
D) the modernization of the kitchen
12. The phrase “pitch in” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_________.
A) “offer help and support”
B) “eat with good appetite”
C) “offer compliment”
D) “disagree with”
13. What is a working mother’s best choice if she does not have time to prepare dinner for the
family according to the passage?
A) Making a meal out of canned food.
B) Buying some chicken on the way home and frying it.
C) Taking the family to dinner at a pizza place.
D) Heating up frozen dinners.
14. Which of the following groups of Americans are most likely to cook their meal at home?
A) Single working mothers.
B) unmarried mature people.
C) elderly people living alone.
D) Unemployed women with family.
15. What is this passage mainly about?
A) Women’s liberation in America.
B) Changes in the American family during Word War II.
C) Reasons for the popularity of fast food in America.
D) Rising divorce rate in America today.
Passage 4
There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.
In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.
Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.
Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.
16. According to the passage, in most countries ______________________________.
A. animals are in a worse position than human beings
B. people treat their pets like members of their families
C. there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and cats
D. pets such as dogs and cats are very popular
17. According to the passage, there are ______________________________.
A. many owners of dogs and cats in the United States and Europe
B. restaurants for dogs in every city in Franc
C. no dogs or cats that wear clothing
D. some people who treat their pets far better than they treat their children
18. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because ____________________.
A. pets are often useful companions for old people
B. cats and dogs can be used to keep away mice
C. pets can sometimes be sold to make money
D. some pets may show loving feelings for their owners
19. In your opinion, which of the following sentences is probably true?
A. Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.
B. Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.
C. People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.
D. In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.
20. The main idea of this reading passage is ____________________________.
A. Dogs enjoy fine restaura(本文来自：WWW.xiaocaoFanwEn.cOM 小草范文网:工商管理专业英语答案)nts
B. A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurant
C. People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the world
D. It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animals
1-5 C B DC C
6-10 C D A DC
11-15 C A C DC
16-20 A A B DC
Cloze
Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s, However, parents must consistently behave like the type of they want their child to become.
A parent’s actions affect the self mage that a child formsidentification.
Children who see mainly positive qualities in their will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly qualities in their parents will have difficultypositive qualities in themselves.
Children may their self image, however, as they become increasingly .
dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanenton a child’s behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can,,accept the divorce of their parent’s or a parent’s early .But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events a sign of rejection or punishment. In the same way, all children are not influenced by toys and games, reading matter, and television in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.
66.A. to B. with C. around D. for
67.A. informed B. characteristic C. conceived D. indicative
68.A. gesture B. expression D. way D. extent
篇三：工商管理专业英语
工商管理专业英语重点
一．名词解释：
1.what is a manager?
答：A manager is a person who plans,organizes,directs,and controls the allocation of human ,material,financial,and information resources in pursuit of the organization’s goals.
2.What is the difference between middle managers and first-line managers?
答：The heavier emphasis onmanaging group performance and allocating resources represent the most important differences between first-line ang middle managers.
3.How can you characterize top-managers’ work?
答：Top managers spend most of their day(over 75 percent) planning and leading.pressures and demands on top managers can be intense.
4.What is the one of natural outcomes of outsourcing?
答：Modular corporations come into being.
二．选词填空
1.Adrian was in charge of theallocation of available funds.
2.Our firm is orientedtowards the export side of the business.
3.The on-time delivery of goods is required in the contract.
4.Thegraphic displays will be heloful to illustrate the increase of the output.
5.Companies cannot survive fierce competition without innovativepersonnels.
6.Keeping the accounts is part and parcel of my job.
7.The CEO and other high-level executives are often referred to as top management.
8.The tasks that managers do include planning,organizing,leading,andcontrolling the work of an organization.
9.Functional managers supervise employees having expertise in one area,such as accounting,humaesources,sales,finance,marketing,or production.
10.general managers areresponsiblefor the operations of a more complex unit,such as a company or a division.
11.He carried out a number offraudson trusting people who lent him money..
12.He would not havesucceeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneur.
13.They could not tell the commcnding officer from his subordinates.
14.The two old rivals vie for the frist place.
15.Some people cannot be trusted to work wihout supervision.
16.Half of the medical supplies have already beenallocated to the victims of the earthquake.
17.Can youdifferentiatethis kind of rose from the others?
18.The factory haslaid offworkers because of the drop in sales.
19.They were blame for their failure to hold downexpenditure.
20.The companyhas slashed the costs of the project in order to seize the last chance to survive.
21.The company is trying todiversify its range of products so that they can get more market shares.
22.Mr. Black realized that his company was in dire straits and it went beyond him to deal with the whole situation.
23.Tom, my next door neighbor, isexemptform military service because of his poor health.
24.With the economic environment improved , his company’s sale in that area is getting less susceptible to the crisis.
25.Mr.White declared that he was notliable for his partner’s debts.
26.The employees sued their manager for breach of contract.
27.If we cannot keep on holding the edge in the services, we’ll lose our share in market.
28.Nowadays, the manufacturing industry cannotmake do without services.
29.To merge or not to merge—that’s the question. The board of the company hasdeferred the decision to do it.
30.A country’sinfrastructureservices must develop with its economic growth because no advanced society can be without these services.
31.
三．翻译
英译汉：
1.Sometimes, though, a first-line manager is a recent college graduate who is responsible for the work of both hourly employees and professionals. Such a first-line manager is likely to have little hands-on experience. Lack of experience isn’t a problem if the new manager is willing to learn and has the competence to communicate with diverse types of people , to coach and counsel subordinates, and to provide constructive constructive feedback. 答;然而有时一个第一线经理是新来的大学毕业生，负责管理计时雇员和专业人员的工作。这样的第一线经理可能很少有亲身的经验。缺少经验不一定是麻烦，但这要求新经理乐于学习，并且有能力和不同类型的人打交道，培训和指导下属，并提供建设性的反馈。
2.managers and acquisitions兼并与收购3.corporate restructuring公司重组4.downsizing缩编5.outsourcing decision外包决策6.modular corporation组件公司7.unit cost of production单位生产成本8.strategic alliance战略联盟9.overhead管理费用10.competitive advantage竞争优势11.network form of organization网络型组织（结构）
汉译英
1. 社团community2.首席执行官chief executive officer3.常务董事managing director4.流行价格
prevailing price5.监督员supervisor6.市场份额market share7.计算机程序员computer programmer8.管理能力managerial competency9.保险业务员insurance agent10.资源配置allocation of resources11.新闻广播员newscaster12.任务小组task force13.销售合作人sales associate14.收入，税收revenue15.管理，管理人员management16.工作框架work setting17.电话营销中心telemarketing center18.顾客投诉customer complaint19.业绩评价标准evaluation criteria for performance20.具体运作计划specific operational plans21.分派权力与责任delegate authority and responsibility22.协调进度与资源coordinate schedules and resources23.商务合作人business associate24.财务崩溃financial debacle25.刺激业务增长spur the growth of the business26.监督现场工作supervise on-site work27.生物芯片混合了计算机技术和生物科学，是通过新网络企业创造的最令人兴奋的产品中的一种。利用计算机能力的优越来处理大量的信息，生物芯片被开发用来扫描人的基因构成和分析与各种基因转换疾病相关的风险。Biochips, which blend company technology with biological science, are among the most exciting products being created through new network organizations. Taking advantage of a computer’s ability to process massive amounts of information, biochips are being developed to scan people’s genetic makeups and analyze risks associated with various genetically transmitted diseases.
28.世界经济a global economy29.经济模式the economic model30.工业化经济an industrialized economy31.自给自足self-sufficient32.银行业a banking industry33.提高生活质量enhance the quality of life34.经济活动的核心the hub/heart of economic activity35.商务服务业business services36.销售服务业trade services37.基础实施服务业infrastructure services38.社会服务业social/personal services39.公共管理服务业public services 40.电子零售业electronic retailing41.商店结账终端point-of-sale terminal42。公司总部corporate headquarters43.财务收益、盈利financial rewards44.多种形式服务an assortment of services45.分销、销售渠道distribution channel46.建筑承包商building contractors47.运输成本transportation costs48.非商店零售non-store retail sales49.商品直销the direct sales of the merchandise50.
纵向整合vertical integration51.目标销售catalog sales52.年销售额annual sales 53.零售贸易retail trades54.（备有）现货products available
55.Consumers are more and more knowledgeabledemanding better value and service.(消费者越来越会买东西)
56.Retailing is becoming a high-tech business.(正在变成一种高科技企业)
57.Computer programs analyze the data and then automatically transmit orders to the retailers.(分析数据并自动把定货指令传给零售商)
58.Retail managers must make complex decisions in selecting target markets, locating stores, determining what merchandise and service to offer.(选择目标市场，确定店址，决定提供何种商品和服务)
59.Dell computer views direct-mail retailing skills as the key to its success.(把直接邮购零售技术视为其成功的关键)
四、判断正误
1、A manageris a person who plans,organizes,directs,and controls the allocation of human ,material,financial,and information resources in pursuit of the manager’s individual goals. (F)
2.While achieving the organizational goals, managers must perform moretasks by themselves. (F)
3.Effective managers must pay attention to what goes on both inside and outside their organizations.(T)
4.The job of managers is to help the organizations achieve specific goals,but usually they do not create any goals.(F)
5.In a small orgain ,nization,there is usually only one level of management. As an organization grows, more levels of management are needed.(T)
6.Middle managers receive broad, general strategies and policies from top managers and translate them into specific goals and plans for first-line managers to implement.(T)
7.Top managers are responsible for directing and cooedinating the activities of first-line managers and middle managers.(F)
8.Middle managers spend more time on planning and organizing than first-line managers.(F) 9，A wholesaler is the final business in a distribution channel that links manufactureers with consumers.(F)
10.Breaking bulk is to keep inventory so that products will be available when consumers want them.(F)
11,Vertical integration means that a firm preforms only one level of activity but organizing the other firms in the disyribution channel.(F)
12.Retailing is one of the nation’s largest induetries in terms of employment.(T)
13.relationship-oriented leaders are more effective when the situation is highly unfavourable.(F)
14.the set of formal tasks and formal reporting relationship provides a framework for horizon control of the organization .(F)
15.unity of command means that each employee is held accountable to not only one supervisor.(F)
16.staff authority means that people in management positions have formal authority to direct and control immediate subordinates.(F)
17.decentralization means that decision authority it located near the top of the organization.(F)
第六章
选词
1. As top manager of the company,if you do not assign line-managers’responsibility to the plan,you will reach no goal.
2.Theinspector was interested in ereythingpertaining to quality appraisal.
3.One of the most important points to make achievements in business is toenergize front-line workers.
目标管理management by objectives 一次性计划a single-use plan 常备计划a standing plan 应变计划a contingency plan企业目标corporate goals 计划时间范围planning time horizon业绩评估系统performance appraisal system应急预算emergency budget灵活性与适应性flexibility and adaptability安全认定系统system of safety recognition基层部门监督者line supervisor表彰信a letter of commendation
英译
development an action制定行动计划 develop safety training session开安全生产培训课/办····班 develop a line of thought 展开思路 develop front-line employees培养一线工人 develop an interest inmanagement对管理产生develop the national economy 发展国民经济develop the company’s business扩展公司业务develop one’s idea（详细）阐述观点develop a new device研制一个新装置develop the region in the west China开发建设中国西部地区
第七章
填词
The subordinates refused tocomplywith the manager’s demand because it’s not at all practical。
A good manager is person who can harness individual talents to a common end。
No one can make the business go smooth only by issuingorders。
An unbroken line of authority that links all individuals in the organization and specifies who reports to whom is named as chain of command。
Delegation is the process managers use to transfer authority and responsibility to positions below them in the hierarchy。
Tall structure is a kind of management structer characterized by an overall narrow span of management and a relatively large number of hierarchical levels。
Flat structer is a management structure characteriged by an overall broad span of control and relatively sew hierarchical levels。
Formalization is the written documentation used to direct and control employees。
英译汉
Deploy resources有效的使用资源hierarchical levels层级span of managers’ control经理的管理职权范围effective coordination有效的协调vertical control of the organization组织机构的纵向管理an automobile assembly line 汽车组装(流水)线 chain of command指令链delegate authority分权meet customers’ needs满足消费者的需求line department 业务部门staff department职能部门issue orders发布命令
第八章
填词
Subordinates should have some say in the management of the business。
The employees in Jack’s company have regular access to the boss to air their opinions。
Participatory democracy is something that subordinates enjoy in management decision-making。
英译汉
Position power 职位权利 legitimate power法理权利 reward power奖赏权利 coercive power惩罚权利 personal power个性化权利 expert power专业技能权利 referent power禀性相关权利 charismatic leadership个人魅力型领导 autocratic leader独断/专断型领导democratic leader民主型领导authoritarian management极权型管理centralizeauthority集权
第十四章
汉译英
1市场营销组合marketing mix 市场细分研究segmentation research 市场导向marketing orientation目标市
场target marketing描述功能descriptive function诊断功能diagnostic function预测功能predictive function生产导向活动production-oriented exercises前控管理proactive management后控管理reactive management市场信息反馈过程marketing intelligence feedback process市场营销系统marketing system
1. If they want their business to run well , managers should develop a long-run marketing strategy。（制定长期
市场营销策略）
2. Some organization haven’t conducted much marketing research ，which causes them lose the market share。
（失去市场份额）
3. Heavy coupon users are most likely to redeem the coupons.（用赠券兑换产品）
4. The companies who increase their market share are those who are really understand and meet consumers’
need.(了解并满足消费者需求)
5. It makes much difference for a firm to improve the bottom line.(改善盈利状况)
填词
1. three years ago ，the board of directors made that decision to computerize the whole company including all
the branches。And now this is paying dividend
2. the marketing research enables the firm to make their promotion more efficient and their consumers more
acquainted with the brands ，retail outlets , etc.
3. As CEO, Mr. Smith always ignores the side issues and addresses himself to the main problems in
management。
4. Mr. Carter always takes a pragmatic approach to problems . That’s the very reason why he was appointed to
the post of sales director.
判断
1. Market research is the primary tool for exploring new opportunities in the marketplace.(T)
2. To describe the historic ales trend and consumers’ attitudes toward a product and its advertising is the
diagnostic function of marketing research.(F)
3. Few organization will prosper in today’s environment without a focus on quality，continual improvement，
and customer satisfaction.(T)
4. Steady customers are hard to serve because they understand the modus operandi and make fewer demands
on employees’ time.(F)
5. Applied research hopes to provide further confirmation to an existing theory or to learn more about a
concept or phenomenon.（F）
第十五章
汉译英
人力资源管理human resource management竞争优势competitive advantage员工投诉系统employee grievance system达到企业目标meet the organization’s objective全权负责have sole responsibility for 业绩评估体系performance appraisal system招聘与筛选recruitment and selection灵活工作时间制flexible scheduling成本有效性cost effectiveness 成本领先战略cost leadership strategy 产品差别化product differentiation 岗位培训on-the-job training 纪律执行程序disciplinary procedures 激励计划incentive plan
填词
1. An HR professional plays a role in establishing NRM procedures,developing|choosing HRM methods,
monitoring|evaluating HRM practices and advising|assisting managers on HRM-related matters.
2. An organization must gain and maintain an edge over its competitor in order to succeed.
3. Line manager might do something like interviewing job applicants,recommending salary increases and
settling grievance issues.
4. Product differentiation occurs when a firm produces a product or service is preferred by buyers.