光棍节海外

篇一:光棍节的文化软实力意义

汤姆·加拉:歪果仁眼里的光棍节——文化超级大国的雏形

字号:小中大

2014-11-13 10:15:38

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关键字 >> 双十一淘宝光棍节软实力阿里巴巴文化超级大国文化软实力全球性节日互联网公司双11节

我们不分国籍地为巴西足球队欢呼,在印度瑜伽里找寻内心的宁静。中国软实力的旗舰到底是什么?或许是这个用购物庆祝单身生活的狂欢节。

各位,昨天光棍节过得快乐否?要是你还不知道光棍节,你就快out了。不久的将来,无论你来自哪个国家,都会在日历上记下这个节日。

先了解一点背景知识:光棍节是中国最近几年才发明的节日。只有身边没有那个TA的人,才有资格过这个特殊的节日,有点像专门给光棍过的情人节。这一天,单身的人们不再呆在家里顾影自怜,而是成群结队地出门找乐子,庆祝无牵无挂的单身生活。

中国软实力的旗舰到底是什么?或许是这个用购物庆祝单身生活

的狂欢节

光棍节一开始仅代表着单身汉美好的愿望——它从90年代初南京大学几个孩子的一句玩笑,到现在已不可避免地与大多数节日一样,成为了消费主义的狂欢日。如今,光棍们在光棍节这一天给自己买件礼物,中国零售商看准其中的商机,顺势推出“黑色星期五”(观察者网注:美国感恩节后第一个星期五)式的狂热特价促销。光棍节背后最大的推动者——电子商务巨头阿里巴巴宣称,昨天销售额几乎达到90亿美元,比“黑色星期五”和“网络星期一”(观察者网注:美国感恩节后第一个星期一)的网络销售额总和还高出许多。

那么,为什么说光棍节终有一日会成为世界性节日呢?首先,这个想法已经成熟:其他人都有各自的节日,凭什么光棍不能有?其次,在操纵世界的精英眼里,光棍节刺激了购物、饮食以及五花八门的消费,这样的日子自然越多越好。

但第三点才是最重要的,光棍节是中国难得的在西方显示软实力的机会。

文化软实力很重要。在90年代初的澳大利亚校园里,几乎每一个孩子都能把美国英语模仿得惟妙惟肖——因为只有用美语念《辛普森一家》里的台词,才有那个味儿。通过这种情景喜剧,外国观众会觉得美国富得流油,因为电视里大家都生活在巨大的豪宅里!美国孩子发脾气时,会愤而离席上楼回卧室。人家回卧室要上楼!你读汤姆·克兰西的《猎杀红色十月号》,自然会觉得美国diao爆了;你听韦克莱夫·让的说唱歌曲,自然会认为美国是一片充满机会的土地。

随着各国在世界舞台上崛起,软实力也必然会随之崛起。印度带来了瑜伽和宝莱坞电影;巴西输出了足球的哈瓦那拖鞋;日本则出口了动画和漫画。

与这些国家相比,中国大陆在这场文化逐鹿中收获甚少。尽管中国已经拥有巨大的经济和军事实力,西方人仍然没有哼唱朗朗上口的中国流行歌曲,也没有收看译制的中国肥皂剧。光棍节是中国的巨大机会。

显然,这不是一件容易的事。市场营销案例告诉我们,无中生有地创造新的全国性节日非常困难,美国已经有无数贸易集团和公关游说团队试图通过立法将自己的甜甜圈日定为正统。另外,光棍节是11月11日,中国人喜欢这个对称的数字,但这一天适逢美国的老兵节——他们的利益显然不是随便就能碰的。

但生意只有障碍,没有国界。光棍节可能成为全球性的节日——至少每年都有这神奇的一天,中国能与西方通过购物找到共同点。一些美国公司已经参与了光棍节促销行动,推出了专为中国消费者设计

的网站。待到未来美国接受舶来的光棍节时,这些公司适应的更快。 还有一点,光棍节有个坚实的后盾——阿里巴巴。它是亚马逊、易趣和贝宝的结合,也是世界最大的互联网公司之一,未来几年你将越来越经常地听到这个名字。

盯上美国市场的,除了阿里巴巴,还有今年刚收购摩托罗拉手机业务的联想等电子产品制造商。未来的长期趋势十分明确:越来越多的中国企业将进入美国。光棍节将是它们海外输出的好机会。要知道,光棍节可不像中国的流行音乐,它会让你真的很享受,就像你享受单身生活一样。

(观察者网杨晗轶译自美国BuzzFeed网站11月12日文章“Is China A Cultural Superpower Yet? You’ll Know When You Celebrate Singles Day”)

篇二:2014年光棍节活动策划

硕士学位论文开题报告书

姓 名刘 芬 学 号Y130654037 学科、 专业学科教学(英语) 指 导 教 师张 静 所 在 学 院外国语学院

填表日期: 2104 年 11 月 29 日

填 表 需 知

一、 填写本表前,研究生应根据本表各部分要求写出初稿,由各

硕士点研究生指导教师小组组织,在系内公开作学位论文工作的开题报告。

二、 参照指导教师小组意见修改初稿后正式填写本表,所填内容

一经确定,不得随意变动。

三、 本表各部分如不够填写,可自行加页。

四、 本表一式三份,研究生、指导教师、研究生处各存一份。

1

2

一、立论依据(论文的研究意义、国内外研究现状分析、附主要参考文献)

3

篇三:Cet4 translation

Cet4 translation

1

长城作为世界上最伟大的奇观之一,

The Great Wall,one of the greatest wonders in the world,

是古代中国在不同时期为抵御北方游牧民族(nomadic tribe)侵袭而修筑的规模浩大的军事工程的统称。

Is the general name(统称) of a series of large-scale(大规模的) military(军事的) constructions(建筑物,建造) during different periods in ancient China,hoped for the defense against the invasion(入侵,侵略) of nomadic tribes from the north.

如同巨龙一般,

Just like a gigantic(巨大的) dragon,

长城自东向西绵延8800多公里。

the Great Wall stretches(绵延stretch或wind up and down) over 8800 kilometers from east to west of China.

距今已有2000多年历史的万里长城很多地方已经变成了废墟,

With a history of more than 2000 years,many sections of the Great Wall have been in ruins now, 但是它仍然是世界上最具吸引力的地方。

However,it is still one of the most appealing attractions all around the world.

1987年,长城被联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)列为世界文化遗产。

In 1987,the Great Wall was listed as a World Cultural Heritage(世界文化遗产)by UNESCO.

2

光棍节,又称“双十一”,

Singles’ Day,also named the Double 11 Day,

最初是由大学生发起的单身人士的情人节,

which organized with collage students as an alternative to Valentine’s Day for single people, 现在已经从最初的庆祝单身变成了中国人的一个网购狂欢节。

now has transformed its original function as a day of celebration for the great unloved into a day of crazy online shopping for the Chinese people.

过去六年里,中国的电商(e-commerce)巨头们开始利用这一商机,通过打折促销吸引顾客,提高销售收入。

Over the past six years, Singles’ Day has been taken advantage of by Chinese e-commerce giants(巨人,卓越人物)by offering discounts and launching(发起) sales campaigns(促销活动) on that day to attract customers and boost sales (增加促销)income.

天猫(Tmall.com)双十一一天的销售额从2009年的5000万升至2013年的350亿。

Sales at Tmall .com on Singles’ Day have snowballed(雪球,使快速增长) from 50 milllion(百万)yuan in 2009 to 35 billion(十亿) yuan in 2013 .

邮政部门(the State Post Bureau)表示由于准备充分,尽管订单增加,快递任务仍然运行正常。

The State Post Bureau said that thanks to adequate preparation,express deliveries were running on schedule despite the increase in orders.

3

客家话(Hakka Chinese)汉语的一个重要分支,

Hakka Chinese,as one of the major Chinese laungage varieties,

主要分布在中国南方和台湾地区。

is mainly spoken natively(生来地,天然地)by the Hakka people in southern China and Taiwan. 由于客家人相互之间长期处于封闭状态,因此,客家话发展出众多的变体和方言。尽管如此,客家话仍被视为客家人的身份象征。 Despite the numerous(很多的,许多的)variants(变体)or dialects it has developed due to the long isolation(隔离)among the Hakka people,the Hakka language is still considered as a symbol of identification among them.

客家话曾是太平天国(Taiping Heavenly Kingdom)的“国语”,广泛用于其官方文书中。 Serving as the national language of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Hakka Chinese was wildly used in its official documents in history.

随着社会的发展,

With the development of society,

客家人与其他族群交流越来越密切,客家话的传播与传承出现了危机,

however, Hakka Chinese is facing dissemination(散播,宣传;浸染)and inheritance(继承;遗传;遗产)crisis(危机)because of the increasingly close communication between the Hakka people and people from other ethnic(种族的,部落的)groups,

因此,现在越来越多的人加入到了保护客家话的行列。

and thus more and more people are dedicated to the preservation of Hakka Chinese.

4

对于中国人来说,“面子”十分重要,

Face is immensely(极大地,广大地;无限地,庞大地)important for the Chinese,

它指的是一个人根源于自尊的名誉观。

it can be defined as a notion(概念,观念;意见,见解;奇想;打算)of one’s reputation rooted in self-esteem(自尊).

大部分中国人认为,有面子是最重要的事情之一,丢面子则会带来巨大的痛苦。 Most of the Chinese people believed that to have face is one of the most valued things,while to lose face is a cause of great anguish(痛苦,苦恼).

因此,人们必须了解并遵守面子规则,如果违反就会受到严厉的惩罚。

Thus,people are expected to know and abide by (遵守;信守)the rules of face and are penalized(处罚) harshly( 严厉地)if they break them.

然而,有时候一个人丢面子不仅仅是因为他们的行为不符合社会的要求, However,sometimes a person could lose face not only because of his failure to match up to (比得上;符合…的标准;对付得了)society’s obligations(义务;职责;债务)on him,

还可能是由于别人的行为没有符合他人的期待。

But also from the failure of others to act in accordance with(依照;与…一致)his expectations of them.

5

海源阁(Haiyuan Pavilion)位于山东聊城,

Haiyuan Pavilion Library,located in Liaocheng,Shandong Province,

是中国历史上最著名的私人藏书楼之一。 is one of the most famous private libraries in Chinese History.

海源阁藏书浩瀚,总藏书量达22万卷,其中宋元珍本逾万卷。

The library keeps a large collection of books amountings to 220 thousand at peak,among which over ten thousand are rare copies of the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

它与北京的文渊阁,宁波的天一阁同为中国历史上公私藏书的典范,深受海内外学者的仰慕。 Along with Wenyuan Pavilion in Beijing and Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo, Haiyuan Pavilion set an example for public liberaries as well as private liberies in history ,deserving a high respect of scholars at home and aroad.

它初建于清朝道光20年(公元1840年),是杨以增的私家藏书楼,距今已有170余年的历史。

First built as a private library of Yang Yizeng in the 20th year of Daoguang’s reign(统治) in the Qing Dynasty(A.D.1840),the pavilion(展示馆)has exsited for over 170 years now. 现在,海源阁以其独有的魅力吸引着越来越多的中外游客。

Today,with its unique charm , Haiyuan Pavilion is attracting more and more Chinese and foreign visitors.

6

现在中国越来越盛行西式婚礼,

The Western wedding is becoming more and more prevailing(盛行,流行)in China , 但是还是有很多年轻人选择中式婚礼。

however,many people still prefer the traditional Chinese wedding when they get married. 结婚当天,新郎要在亲朋好友的陪同下去娘家赢取新娘。

On the wedding day,the groom,accompanied by close friends and relatives,must go to the bride’s house to greet the bride.

当他们到达婚礼地点时,

On their arrival of the wedding place,

音乐和鞭炮声随即响起,而身穿红色裙装的新娘将会在一片喜庆的气氛中被领上红毯。 There would be music and firecrackers(鞭炮,爆竹)and the bride in a red skirt would be led along the red carpet in a festive atmosphere.

新人在叩拜(kowtow)天地,父母和夫妻交拜之后,会进入新房(bridal chamber),客人们则开始宴席。

After performing the kowtow three times to worship the heaven(敬拜的天堂),parents and spouse(配偶),the new couple would go to their bridal chamber and guests would be treated to a feast.

红色,象征着喜庆,是服装以及其他婚礼相关物品的显著特点。

Red ,symbolic of joy,features prominently(显著地)in the clothing and other ritual(n. 仪式;惯例;礼制adj. 仪式的;例行的;礼节性的)objects pertaining to the wedding.

从明朝开始,小说作为一种文学形式全面展现出它的社会功能和文学价值

From the Ming Dynasty,the novel as a literary form began to fully display its social functions and literary values.

明朝和清朝早期的小说代表了中国古典小说的最高峰(pinnacle),实现了展示新的文化价值观和知识分子情怀(intellectual concerns)的新突破。 The novel in the Ming and early Qing Dynasties represented the pimmacle of classical Chinese fiction(小说) and constituted(组成,构成) a breakthrough reflecting new cultural values and intellectual concerns.

这一时期最成功的文学作品是四大名著,即《三国演义》《水浒传》《西游记》和《红楼梦》。 What most succeeds in literzture of this period is the Four Great Classical Novels,namely,The Romance of the Three Kingdoms,Outlaws of the Marsh,Journey to the West,A Dream of Red Mansion.

从明清时期开始,四大名著就通过直接或间接的戏剧和其他流行文化形式广为中国人所知 Dating from the Ming and Qing Dynasties,they have been well-known to most of the Chinese either directly or indirectly through opera and other popular cultural media.

8

太极拳(Taijiquan)是建立在强调阴阳平衡重要性的太极思想基础之上的一种内家拳(Chinese internal martial art)。

Taijiquan is a Chinese internal martial art based on the philosophy(哲学)of Taiji which emphasizes the importance of maintaining(保持,维持)a balance between Yin and Yang. 这种独特的拳法吸引了世界上很多人,

This unique practice has attracted people from all over the world,

现在大约有1亿到1.5亿人在学习太极拳。

with an estimated(估计,预测,评价) 100 million to 150 million people studying Taijiquan today. 经过数代大师几个世纪的发展和改进,

After centuries of development and refinement(精炼,提纯)by gengerations of masters, 太极拳现在依然充满生命力,

Taijiquan is still a living art,

不断创新,发展以满足现代社会人们的需求。

目前,太极拳作为一种缓慢,优雅的运动,主要用来保持健康长寿。

Nowdays,Taijiquan is mostly practiced as a slow,graceful(优美的,优雅的)exercise for health and longevity(长寿寿命)

秧歌(the Yangko dance)是几百年前农民在稻田里劳作时创作的一种传统的中国民间舞蹈。 The Yangko dance is a traditional Chinese folk dance created by farmers when they worked in the rice field hundreds of years ago.

扭秧歌时,舞者按照音乐节奏(rhythm)扭动身体,步伐夸张,将古老的故事以一种新的形式呈现给观众。

During the dance,the dances sway their bodies according to certain rhythms and walk at an exaggerated(夸张的) pace to present old stories to the audience in a new style.

热闹的场面,丰富的舞蹈语言,兴高采烈的手势和生动的表演形式使得秧歌深受中国民的喜爱。

Thanks to its jolly(快乐的,兴高采烈的)scence,abundant dance language ,exuberan(生气勃勃的)gestures,and vivid performing style,it is always favored by the Chinese.

每逢重大节日,人们都会自发地举办秧歌表演。

People will organize Yangko dance performances spontaneously(自然地,自发地)whenever there is a grand festival.

在场的所有人都聚精会神地观看演出,欣赏和感受着舞者的感情,全然忘记了自己生活中的烦恼。

All the people there are concentrating on the scene,appreciating and sharing the feelings of the dancers ,and forgetting the boring things in their lives.

10

庙会(the temple fair)是中国民间的一种社会活动。

The temple fair is a kind of folk and social activity in China.

庙会起源于古代人民供奉神明,祈求庇佑,后来逐渐发展成为节日期间一种物品交流集市和文化表演场所。

Originating in ancient times when people worshiped gods and prayed for the blessing,later the temple fair gradually evolved into a marketplace for people to exchange products and a place for cultural performances during festivals.

庙会一般设在寺庙里或寺庙附近的空场地上,在节日或规定的日子举办。

It is usually held on the open ground in or near a temple at festivals or on specified days. 逛庙会的老百姓从四面八方赶来买卖货物,观看表演,品尝小吃。

Ordinary people come to the temple fair

光棍节海外

from far and wide to buy ang sell goods,watch the performances,and sample snacks,

整个庙会熙熙攘攘,热闹非常。

giving the temple fair a bustling atmosphere.